[Mono-list] DllImport ... help

[Jonathan Pryor]

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What happens if `getname' takes `wchar_t*'?  An
`IndexOutOfBoundsException'!

The exception is due to two things:
  - .NET appears to marshal as `char' by default, not `wchar_t'
  - Because of the above, `wcsncpy' (the logical equivalent to
    `strncpy') winds up copying *way* past the buffer that .NET 
    allocates.

Marshaling is particularly apparent, because if you make the passed
capacity sufficiently small enough that you can *ensure* you won't
over-write your bounds:

	getname(sb, sb.Capacity/8);

when you write it you'll only get the first character of the passed
string.  Try it.  It's very enlightening.

The fix is to attach a `MarshalAs' attribute, specifying that a
wide-character string should be marshalled.

	[DllImport("native")]
	private static extern int wgetname(
	    [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
	    StringBuilder sb,
	    uint n);

See the attached example files.

 - Jon

On Mon, 2002-06-17 at 14:05, Paolo Molaro wrote:
    On 06/15/02 Jonathan Pryor wrote:
    > For example, the following works with .NET
    > 
    > 	// native.c
    > 	// Native library
    > 	#include <string.h>
    > 
    > 	#ifdef _MSC_VER
    > 	__declspec(dllexport)
    > 	#endif
    > 	int getname(char* s, unsigned int n)
    > 	{
    > 	    const char m[] = "This is my message.  Isn't it nice?";
    > 	    strncpy(s, m, n);
    > 	    return 0;
    > 	}
    [...]
    > 	public class ghbn {
    > 	  [DllImport("native")]
    > 	  private static extern int getname(
    > 	    StringBuilder sb, 
    > 	    uint len);
    
    What happens if getname() takes a wchar_t? Do you have to specify
    additional information in a MarshalAs attribute?
    
    BTW, if anyone can find the documentation that the class docs calls
    "Data Marshaling Specification" I'll be grateful.
    
    lupus
    
    -- 
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
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    lupus@ximian.com                             Monkeys do it better
    
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// call the native function...=0D
=0D
using System;=0D
using System.Text;=0D
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;=0D
=0D
public class managed {=0D
    [DllImport("native")]=0D
    private static extern int wgetname(=0D
        [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]=0D
        StringBuilder sb,=20=0D
        uint n);=0D
=0D
    [DllImport("native")]=0D
    private static extern int getname(StringBuilder sb, uint n);=0D
=0D
    public static void Main () {=0D
        StringBuilder sb =3D new StringBuilder (255);=0D
        getname(sb, (uint) sb.Capacity);=0D
        Console.WriteLine("name: `{0}'", sb);=0D
=0D
        sb =3D new StringBuilder(1024);=0D
=0D
        wgetname(sb, (uint) sb.Capacity);=0D
        Console.WriteLine("wide name: `{0}'", sb);=0D
    }=0D
}=0D
=0D

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/*=0D
 * Native DLL.=0D
 */=0D
#include <string.h>=0D
#include <stdio.h>=0D
=0D
#ifdef _MSC_VER=0D
#define EXPORT  __declspec(dllexport)=0D
#else=0D
#define EXPORT=0D
#endif=0D
=0D
EXPORT=0D
int=0D
wgetname(__wchar_t* s, unsigned int n)=0D
{=0D
    const wchar_t m[] =3D L"This is my message.  Isn't it nifty?";=0D
    printf("Inside wgetname; n=3D%i\n", n);=0D
    wcsncpy(s, m, n);=0D
    return 0;=0D
}=0D
=0D
EXPORT=0D
int=0D
getname(char* s, unsigned int n)=0D
{=0D
    const char m[] =3D "This is my message.  Isn't it nifty?";=0D
    printf("Inside getname; n=3D%i\n", n);=0D
    strncpy(s, m, n);=0D
    return 0;=0D
}=0D
=0D

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